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How to Replace Window Panes

A damaged window pane can be an issue. This can be an opportunity to upgrade to energy-efficient windows or insulated ones to enjoy benefits such as improved comfort, increased resale value and reduced utility costs.

You can do it yourself at less than what it would cost to hire an expert. It requires the right tools and an hour or two of your time.

Glass

If your single pane windows are old damaged, cracked or deteriorating replacing them with more modern glass that is tempered or insulated can increase energy efficiency and decrease noise while also preserving the historical integrity of older homes. The replacement of a window pane is relatively simple and can be done by most homeowners who possess basic hand tools. Alongside a replacement pane, the following tools are needed: latex glazing putty; Glazier's points; pliers and a heat gun for warming the old putty, if needed. Before starting, put on gloves and safety glasses as working with broken glass may cause injuries.

Take out any broken glass pieces remaining. This is best done using a pair of pliers, though using a flathead screwdriver may work in a pinch. Then, use a wooden chisel or putty knife to remove the rest of the old putty from the frame and the sash. Be careful not to break the window sash. Be careful and slow. This is best done on an elevated ladder, not on the ground. Also, you should have someone lower to hold it steady.

After you've removed all the old putty, you can prepare the window frame to accommodate the new pane. Find the width and the height of the opening in the sash by subtracting 1/8 inch from each measurement (to allow for seasonal expansion and contraction). These measurements can be sent to a hardware or home center store to have cut a piece of glass stock to the proper size. You can also cut the glass yourself if you have the appropriate tools.

After installing the new glass After installing the glass, apply a small amount of caulking around the edge. This will make the glass weatherproof. Then install a glazier's point on the frame's opposite side to secure the pane into the right place. The points should not be tight enough to create friction between the frame and the sash, but they should also not be loose.

Before applying the putty on the surface, gently knead it until it is soft and free of lumps. Then you can roll it into pencil-sized strips. Apply the first strip in the corner of the frame, working from one corner to the other to ensure it is even and smooth.

Glazier's Points

The glazier's points are tiny triangular pieces of steel that allow glass to be secured into frames for windows without damaging or scratching the delicate surface. Learning how to use these tiny helpers is simple and can save you money on a professional installation or the cost of buying new glass.

After removing the old putty, glazier points and any leftovers, clean the frame thoroughly using an utility knife. If necessary, lightly sand the wood along grooves of the rabbet to smooth rough spots. If you sand wood protect it with painter’s tape to protect it from damage caused by accidental sanding.

Note down the exact dimensions of the frame. These measurements can be taken to the hardware or home center store, and the new pane will be cut slightly smaller. This will ensure a tight fit, and allow for expansion and contraction.

Place the new pane in the frame and press it down with your hands. Then, use the tip of your chisel or back of the putty knife to make a tap on the glazier's facets, as shown in Figure 11. The glazier's points should sit in line with the top edge of the pane and the shoulders raised should be just below that lip.

Apply a thin layer of glazing compound on the rabbet grooves and the edges of new glass. This will protect and seal the edges. Allow it to dry completely and cure.

Install the new window sash when the glazing compound has dried. First, you need to coat the wood with a thick layer of linseed. This will prevent the newly-created putty from drying out or cracking due to the moisture it absorbs. Apply this coat using a brush or the edge of your putty knife, optionfundamentals.com then employ the chisel or back end from the putty knife to gently hammer in the new sash and glazier's points into the grooves of the rabbet. Repeat this process every 10 inches around the frame's perimeter.

Putty

A baseball hit or a rock thrown in error or a branch falling can cause a broken or cracked window. Most windows can be replaced easily by simply putting in a fresh piece. The glass is held in position by a small metal clip, also known as the glazier's point, and putty. This compound is also referred to as glazing compound. Before installing a replacement pane, first get rid of the old one and clean the area with an abrasive and the pull-type paint scraper or a wood chisel. Wear gloves and safety glasses while working. You'll need a heat gun if the window is glued to the frame.

If you're planning to reinstall the original sash, take off the molding that supports the old pane. Sand the sash until it's flat and ready for new caulk. Once the sash is installed and sanded, apply a fresh silicone caulk to the glass to ensure it will not leak or change color in time.

Take out the glazing points in the rabbets. These are the grooves on the sash, where the glass is. If they're hard to cut, place the hand tool, like a heat gun over them for a few minutes to soften them. When using a heat tool, be careful to not damage the sash's railings and sash.

After the old glaze points and putty are removed, prepare a bed for the new pane. Roll a rope of glazing compound between your fingers and make it around 1/2 inch thick. Place it into the rabbets where the glass will be placed. The glass must be positioned against the putty on both sides. If you need to, lightly tap your glass into the rabbet with your thumb.

If the new pane has a crack you can fill it with a solvent-based glass glue or silicone caulk before pressing it into the sash. If the crack is not sealed, you'll need to apply putty to keep the water out. Once the putty is dry, wipe the oily film from the glass and let it dry completely before you paint. If you paint before the putty is completely dry, it won't create an effective seal and could leak or discolor over time.

Paint

If you've experienced a broken window pane, you might be concerned about the expense of replacing it. In reality, replacing a single piece of glass doesn't need to be costly even if you do it your own. Even a double glazed windows replacement-paned window could be replaced for a fraction of the price it costs a professional.

If you are working on a large-sized window, make sure that it is securely fastened to the frame. By using the correct tools and techniques, you can accomplish this task fairly easily and fast.

When you are ready to start taking down the old window pane. Remove the glazing points made of metal that are attached to it. They are basically tiny metal triangles that function as "nails" that keep the window in place within the frame of wood. They are submerged under a bead of glazing putty that transforms into a solid molded wedge that secures the window in place and hides the edges.

After removal of the old pane clean the frame and the wood. Scrape off any paint that has been used, and sand the rabbet grooves in which the glazing points were. They should be sanded to bare wood, to allow you to paint them the same color as the rest the frame. After sanding the wood, apply a layer of flax oil. This will help to extend its life.

The next step is to determine the width of the window's opening. You'll need to take horizontal and vertical measurements of the entire opening, as well as the thickness of the old pane. Subtract 1/8 inch from each measurement to ensure that you have the exact size for the new pane. This will allow for seasonal changes in the glass. Take these measurements to the hardware or home improvement store and have a piece cut for you.

Now, it's time to bed the new window pane. To do this, place the pane inside the frame and move it around until a 1/16 inch of putty remains between the edge of the glass and the sash on all four sides. Use a putty knife to smear the putty evenly, making sure that there isn't an excessive amount of excess putty in the corners and along the edges. When the putty dries, it can be painted with the same color as the frame to prevent water and air from leaking into the frame and causing fogging.