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It's an proxy which is also known as a proxy server. It is a program that functions to act as mediator between client and server on the internet. Without the use of a proxy, clients could send a request any resource directly to the server and the server will provide the resource directly at the request of the customer. While this approach is straightforward to grasp and implement, the addition of proxies can provide advantages in the form of enhanced performance as well as privacy, security and many more. As a pass-through layer a proxy serves as a security guardian of the internet between servers and clients.

The general consensus is that the mix of hardware for servers and the software for proxy installation is often referred too as proxy servers. This article will concentrate on proxy servers which are generally classified as software as well as when referring to web servers. The article will provide a detailed discussion of the two main types that are forward proxy and reverse proxy. reverse proxy. Every one has its unique use scenario that is frequently not understood due to the similar terminology.

This article will give you some knowledge about what proxies are and what their subtypes are, and how they work in the common configurations. After having read this article, you'll be able to identify the scenarios where you could benefit from a proxy. You'll then select the most appropriate forward and reverse proxy for any particular situation.

Understanding Forward Proxies

The forward proxy, also referred to as the open proxy acts as the representative of a customer who wants to make a request through the internet to an source server. In this scenario, the entire attempt to send requests made by the user will instead be forwarded by the forward-proxy. This forward proxy acting as a substitute for the client will review the request. The first step is to determine whether the client is permitted to accept requests from this particular forward proxy. It then decides whether to decline a request and forward it to the original server. The client is not allowed direct access to the internet. It has access to only what forward proxy allows the client to access.

A popular use for forward proxies is to gain more privacy or protection when surfing the web. A forward proxy is able to access the internet instead of a client and as such, it may make use of a different IP address than that of the client's initial IP address.

Depending on how it has been set up the forward proxy will offer various functions based on how it is configured and allows you to:

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  Stay clear of tracking ads.
  
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  Circumvent surveillance.
  
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  Find restrictions that are based on your area.
  
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Forward proxies can also be used to secure systems which are centralised and have permission-based access such as at work. All internet traffic can pass through an open forward proxy. an administrator can grant just a few users online access using a common firewall. Instead of setting up firewalls for the client layer that could include a variety of computers with different settings and users. A firewall could be set up on top of an intermediate layer of forward proxy.

It is crucial to keep in mind that forward proxy servers must be set up manually for use however reverse proxies will be ignored by users. Depending on whether the IP address of the user is sent to the server that originated it from forward proxy privacy and anonymity could be granted or unnoticed.

There are numerous possibilities to look into for forward proxy options:

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  Apache The Apache is a popular open-source web server which provides forward proxy functions.
  
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  Nginx is another popular open-source web server with forward proxy features.
  
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  Squid is an open-source forward proxy which utilizes the HTTP protocol. It does not come with an entire web server application. We have a guide on how to install Squid proxy for private connections on Ubuntu 20.04.
  
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  Dante Forward Proxy that utilizes the SOCKS protocol instead of HTTP which makes it more to handle peer-to-peer traffic. It's also worth taking a look explore how you can set up a Dante proxy to connect privately in Ubuntu 20.04
  
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Understanding Reverse Proxies

Reverse proxy is the web server, which handles requests from clients instead. The web server can serve as a one server or multiple servers. It can also be used in the role of an application server, such as Gunicorn. In either of these scenarios the request will come from an internet-connected user. Typically, the request is sent directly to the web server, which contains the resources the user needs. A reverse proxy works as an intermediary and shields it from direct contact with the open internet.

From the viewpoint of the user, working with reverse proxy is not distinct from communicating with your webserver directly. It's essentially the same, and the user doesn't see the distinction. Clients make requests for resources, which is followed by receiving it with no extra configuration required from the user.

Reverse proxies provide features like:

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  Centralized security for the web server layer.
  
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  The sending of traffic according to rules that you can define.
  
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  Additional functions for caching.
  
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Although centralized security is a benefit of both reverse and forward proxy servers. However, reverse proxy services provide this benefit only to the web server layer, but not to the client layer. Instead of the maintenance of firewalls on the server level which can contain multiple servers with various configurations, the bulk of firewall security may be concentrated at the reverse proxy layer. In addition, getting rid of the hassle of dealing with firewalls and interfacing with clients who request information from web servers allows them to focus on serving the resources.

If multiple servers are operating in a reverse proxy The reverse proxy takes care of how requests are routed to the server. There could be multiple web servers providing the exact identical service, and each offering different types of resources or a combination of both. They may use the HTTP protocol to function as a standard web server, however, they could also incorporate protocols for application servers like FastCGI. It is possible to set up reverse proxy servers to direct customers to specific servers depending upon the requested resource or to adhere to certain rules regarding traffic load.

Reverse proxies also can profit from their placement over web servers, by providing caching capabilities. The large static files can be created by using caching rules to stop from hitting web servers with every request, with certain solutions allowing you to provide static files directly, without connecting to the web server once. Additionally, reverse proxy can handle compression of these assets.

The well-known Nginx web server is also a highly well-known reverse proxy solution. Although Apache is also a reverse proxy solution but this Apache web server also has reverse proxy functions as an additional option to Apache however Nginx was designed originally for and focused on reverse proxy functionality.

Differentiating Forward Proxy and reverse Proxy Use Differentiating Forward Proxy and Reverse Proxy Use

Since "forward" and "reverse" have connotations of directionality, as well as false comparisons to "incoming" in addition to "outgoing" traffic, these labels can confuse because both types of proxies handle responses and requests. The best method to distinguish between reverse and forward proxy is to examine the requirements of the app you're creating.

Reverse proxy is an important element when you're creating a solution for serving web-based applications via the internet. They are your web servers in any interaction with the internet.

A forward proxy is beneficial for use in front of clients for personal usage, or even in a workplace. They serve as the proxy for your client for any interaction on the internet.

Differentiating by use case instead of focusing on the common name conventions can make it easier to avoid confusion.

Conclusion

The article clarified the definition of a proxy and two types of proxy, the forward proxy and reverse proxy. Practical scenarios to use them and a discussion of the most effective features were employed to differentiate between forward proxies and reverse proxy. If you're looking to know more about the benefits of proxies, then you should check out our tutorial on how to install Nginx as an reverse proxy and an internet server with Apache using the Ubuntu 20.04 server.

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