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proxy is also referred to as a proxy is commonly referred to for its role as a proxy server a software that acts as a mediator between a client and server via the internet. Without proxy, a user can send a request for a service directly from the server and the server would deliver the requested resource directly to the user. Although this method is easy to comprehend and utilize, however, the addition proxy servers can offer advantages in terms of better speed, privacy and security, and much more. In addition to offering a security layer it also serves as a security guard to the internet, separating clients and servers.

In general, the combination of server hardware and an installed software proxy is commonly referred to as a proxy server. This article we will focus on proxies traditionally classified as software, and in the context of web servers. You will get a breakdown of the two primary types of proxies. These are the forward proxy and reverse proxy. reverse proxy. Each has its own usage scenario that is often misunderstood due to the overlapping name convention.

This article will provide you with an understanding of what proxy servers and their subtypes are as well as the ways they can be beneficial in a variety of configurations. In this article, you'll learn to identify situations in which a proxy is beneficial, and decide on the appropriate option between reverse and forward proxy in any given scenario.

Understanding Forward Proxies

A forward proxy, also known by the name of the open proxy acts as an agent for a user who is trying to send a request through the internet to an source server. In this case, every attempt to send a request by the client will be routed through an forward proxy. Forward proxy in the place of the client, will examine the request. It will first determine whether the client has been granted permission to accept requests from this specific forward proxy. It will then either deny requests or redirect it to the original server. It's not able directly connect to the internet. It is only able to access the information forward proxy allows it to access.

A common use for forward proxy is the need for more privacy or security while surfing the web. The forward proxy is connected to web as a user during this manner, it connects an alternative IP address in addition to the client's IP address.

Based on the way it has been configured based on the configuration, forward proxy may offer a range of features that allow you to:

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  Avoid tracking ads.
  
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  Circumvent surveillance.
  
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  You can determine restrictions based upon your geolocation.
  
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Forward proxies are also employed in systems that provide central security and access via permissions, for instance at work. The entire internet can go by an open forward proxy. administrators can grant access only to a specific group of people to connect on the internet. This is then filtered by the standard firewall. Instead of maintaining firewalls on clients, this can be used by multiple computers that have different types of environments and users A firewall can be placed within this forward proxy layer.

Take note that forward proxies must be set up manually to allow their use, however reverse proxy servers will not be detected by the user. Based on the fact that your IP address a user is transmitted to the source server via forward proxy, privacy and anonymity could be granted or hidden.

There are many alternatives to think about when considering forward proxies.

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  Apache is a well-known open-source webserver that provides forward proxy features.
  
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  Nginx: Another well-known open source web server that comes with forward proxy functions.
  
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  Squid is an Open Source Forward Proxy which makes use of an HTTP protocol. It's not part of the complete web server. We have a step-by-step guide for setting up Squid proxy to allow private connections in Ubuntu 20.04.
  
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  Dante Forward proxy that uses the SOCKS protocol instead HTTP which makes it more suitable for situations such as peer-to-peer connections. It is also possible to look into how you can install a Dante proxy that will allow private connections to Ubuntu 20.04
  
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Understanding Reverse Proxies

Reverse proxy acts as an intermediary for a web server that handles incoming requests from clients in its place. It can be used as a one server, or a number of servers. Additionally, it can comprise an application server, such as Gunicorn. It is possible to get the request of a customer through the internet at large. In the majority of cases, the request would be directed directly to the web server hosting the information the client is asking for. Reverse proxy works as an intermediary in order to block your server from communications with the web's public.

From a consumer's point perspective, which is also a user's viewpoint, interfacing via reverse proxy isn't any different from interacting with the server in its own. It's basically the same as Web server and client cannot tell the difference. The client can request the resource, and is then provided with it, with no additional configuration needed from the user.

Reverse proxies grant features like:

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  Security centralized on webservers.
  
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  Controlling traffic coming in based on rules you can make.
  
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  The caching functionality was added to the application.
  
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Although centralized security is a benefit for both forward and reverse proxy, reverse proxies perform this function to the web server layer but not to the client layer. instead of maintaining firewalls at the layer of web servers, which could contain multiple servers with various configurations, the majority of firewall security is located on the reverse proxy layer. In addition, the absence of interfacing with a firewall and interfacing with requests from clients without web servers allows them to concentrate on providing the needs of their clients.

In the event of multiple servers hosted by reverse proxy the reverse proxy determines which requests go to which server. There could be multiple web servers providing the exact identical service, however each offering different kinds of resources, or a combination of the two. They can utilize the HTTP protocol in the same way as an ordinary web server but can be outfitted with application server protocols like FastCGI. You can set up reverse proxy that directs customers to specific server based on the resource they are looking for or to adhere to certain guidelines for traffic load.

Reverse proxy solutions also benefit from their positioning on the web servers with caching functionality. Large static files can be arranged with caching rules in order to prevent hitting web servers every time you request. Some solutions even allowing the server to serve static files directly, without needing to connect to the web server in any way. Additionally, reverse proxy has the ability to compress these files.

The well-known Nginx web server is also used as a well-known reverse proxy service. While it's true that the Apache web server comes with reverse proxy feature, it's an additional option for Apache as opposed to Nginx was designed initially to and focused on reverse proxy functionality.

Differentiating Forward Proxy from Reverse Proxy Use Cases

Since "forward" as well as "reverse" are both associated with the perception of directionality, and inaccurate comparisons with "incoming" as well as "outgoing" traffic. These labels can confuse because both types of proxies manage the flow of requests as well as responses. A better approach to distinguish between forward and reverse proxy is to think about the requirements of the app you're building.

Reverse proxy is an essential aspect when developing a solution to deliver web-based applications on the internet. They serve as your web servers for any interaction on the internet.

Forward proxy applications are advantageous when displayed in front of clients for personal use or in a workplace. They represent the traffic of your client when you interact with the internet.

The use case-based distinction instead of focusing only on the most common names will ensure that you don't become confused.

Conclusion

This article clarified what a "proxy" is and the two main kinds of them being reverse and forward proxies. Practical applications as well as a summary of beneficial features was used to distinguish forward proxies from reverse proxy. If you're looking for ways to use proxies, follow our tutorial on how to configure Nginx as a webserver and reverse proxy for Apache on an Ubuntu 20.04 server.

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