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It is proxy, also known as a proxy, also called a proxy server. It is a software which acts in the role of an intermediary server and a client over the internet. In the absence of a proxy server, a client can send a request to an item directly to a server, and the server would then provide an item directly to the client. Although this method is simple to comprehend and implement using proxies, it can bring advantages in terms better performance as well as privacy, security and more. As an additional pass-through layer proxy acts as a security guardian for the internet between clients and servers.




In general, the set of server hardware and installed proxy software is commonly referred to as proxy servers. This article will focus on proxy servers that are typically described as software, and when referring to web servers. This article will provide an in-depth description of the two types of proxies: forward proxy and reverse proxy. reverse proxy. Each type has its own unique usage instance, but they're often misunderstood due to the similar namesake convention.




This article will provide you with information about what proxies are and the subtypes of them, and how they work in the most common configurations. In this article you will be able to identify the scenarios where you could make use of a proxy and choose the best solution from forward proxy and reverse proxy in any circumstance.



Understanding Forward Proxies



The forward proxy, also known in the form of an open proxy, acts as an agent for a user who would like to send a request through the internet to an original server. In this situation, it's the scenario that all requests made by the user would prefer to be handled by this forward proxy. A forward proxy, acting in instead of the customer will scrutinize the request. It is the first thing to decide if the client is permitted to make requests through this specific forward proxy. Then it can either reject requests or redirect it back to the server that originally sent it. The client does not get direct internet access. It can only reach what forward proxy permits for it to reach.




A very popular uses for forward proxies is to increase privacy or anonymity on the internet. A forward proxy makes use of the internet as the client, and in this way, it could make use of an alternative IP address in addition to the original IP address.




Depending on how it's been configured and the configuration, forward proxy may offer a number of options and allow you to:




Avoid tracking ads.


Circumvent surveillance.


You can identify restrictions based upon your geographical location.




Forward proxies also are used in systems that offer central security and access via permissions, such as in workplaces. If all internet traffic flows through a standard forward proxy, an administrator could grant only a small number of users access to the internet which is filtered by a standard firewall. Instead of keeping firewalls in place for the client layer which could include multiple computers that have different configurations and clients, the firewall can be placed in the layer that forwards proxy-related traffic.




Note that forward proxies need to be manually setup to use them, while reverse proxy servers may not be noticed to the user. Depending on the kind of IP address of the customer, if it is relayed back to the server that originated it through forward proxy, privacy and security can be granted, or not be noticed.




There are many possibilities to look into when it comes to forward proxy choices:




Apache An open-source, well-known web server with forward proxy capabilities.


Nginx is another popular open-source web server that has the ability to forward-proxy.


Squid is an open-source forward proxy that uses an HTTP protocol. It doesn't provide a complete internet server. It is possible to refer to our step-bystep guide for setting up Squid proxy to allow private connections on Ubuntu 20.04.


Dante Forward Proxy that uses the SOCKS protocol rather than HTTP which is more suitable for use cases like peer-to-peer. It is also possible to learn how to set up the Dante proxy for private connections in Ubuntu 20.04



Understanding Reverse Proxies



Reverse proxy functions as a proxy for web servers, which handles the incoming requests of clients on behalf of. This web server may be a single server or multiple servers. Furthermore, it could serve as an application server, such as Gunicorn. In either scenario the request will be received from a client through the web in general. Most of the time the request will go directly to the server with the information the client requires of. Instead, a reverse proxy functions as an intermediary and isolates it from any direct interactions with the internet's open.




From the perspective of a user from a client's perspective, using reverse proxy is not any different from connecting to the web server directly. It's the same thing and the client doesn't know the difference. The client asks for the resource, and is then granted access with no additional configuration required by the client.




Reverse proxy providers provide features like:




The web server is protected centrally.


Directing traffic according to the rules you decide to decide to define.


Additional features for caching.




While central security is a benefit of both forward and reverse proxy service, reverse proxy providers provide this benefit only to Web layer servers, but not to the layer of clients. instead of maintaining firewalls on the layer of web servers that may contain several servers with various configurations, the majority of firewall security is centered on the layer of reverse proxy. In addition eliminating the burden of interacting with firewalls as well as communicating requests from clients away from web servers allows them to focus solely on serving the needs of their clients.




In the event of multiple servers running in a reverse proxy the reverse proxy is also accountable for directing which requests pass through which server. There could be multiple web servers serving the same content, supplying different kinds of resources, or a mixture of both. They can utilize the HTTP protocol in the same way as a traditional web server but they could also incorporate application server protocols like FastCGI. It is possible to set up a reverse proxy to redirect clients to specific servers based on the requested resource or to follow specific rules regarding traffic load.




Reverse proxies also gain from their placement in front of web servers, providing caching functions. Large static files can be configured with caching rules to avoid having to contact web servers every time you request. Some solutions allowing users to serve static files directly without touching the web server in any way. Furthermore, the reverse proxy is able to handle the compression of these files.




The popular Nginx web server is also used as a very popular reverse proxy option. While Apache is also a reverse proxy option it is not the only reverse proxy solution. Apache web server is also equipped with a reverse proxy that adds a feature to Apache but Nginx was initially developed for and focuses exclusively on reverse proxy feature.



Distinguishing Forward Proxy from reverse Proxy Use Examples



Because "forward" and "reverse" are both associated with a sense of directionality and are misinterpreted as comparing "incoming" as well as "outgoing" traffic and vice versa, these labels are often confusing since both kinds of proxies process requests and responses. The best way to distinguish between forward and reverse proxies is to examine the requirements of the application you're building.




Reverse proxy is an important tool for the creation of an option to provide web-based services via the internet. They are your web servers whenever you interact using the internet.




Forward proxy apps are useful to show clients' personal usage, or even in a business environment. They are your client's proxy for all communications via the internet.




Separating by use case, instead of using commonly used naming conventions can make it easier for people to stay clear of confusion.



Conclusion



This article explains the definition of a proxy along with the two types, namely the forward proxy and the reverse proxy. Practical applications and a discussion of the benefits were used to distinguish forward proxies and reverse proxies. If you're interested in exploring the possibilities of proxies then you should read our tutorial on how to configure Nginx as an reverse proxy and internet server within Apache running the Ubuntu 20.04 server.



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