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It's a proxy which is also known as a proxy server. It's a program that functions in the role of a intermediary between a server and a client over the internet. Without a proxy, a client can send requests for or resource to the server directly and the server will serve the resource directly back for the client. While this is a simple method to grasp and implement, the addition of proxies can provide advantages in the form of improved performance and privacy, security and many other benefits. As a pass-through layer, a proxy serves as an additional security layer on the internet between servers and clients.




The consensus is that the combination of server hardware as well as software to install proxy servers is commonly referred to as proxy servers. This article will be focusing on proxy servers which are generally classified as software, and also within the context of web servers. We will discuss of the two principal kinds that are forward proxy and reverse proxy. reverse proxy. Each has its own usage scenario that is frequently confused due to the same terminology.




This article will provide you with an understanding of the types of proxies and what subtypes they are and how they function in the common configurations. After having read this article, you'll be able to identify the scenarios that you can gain from a proxy. You'll then decide which is the best choice between forward and reverse proxy in every situation.



Understanding Forward Proxies



The forward proxy, also referred to in the form of the open proxy serves as the representative of a customer who wants to forward a request over the internet to an source server. In this instance, the whole request sent by the user will instead be transferred to the forward proxy. This forward proxy, acting in the client's stead, will scrutinize the request. The first process is to determine if the client is permitted to accept requests from this specific forward proxy. It then decides whether to decline a request and forward it to the original server. The client isn't capable of having directly access to internet. It can access only what the forward proxy allows for it to be connected to.




A common use of forward proxy servers is to obtain greater privacy or security online. A forward proxy is able to connect to the internet place of a client and as such it can use a different IP address than the initial IP address.




Depending on how it's been set up the forward proxy will offer a variety of functions depending on the configuration and allows you to:




Avoid tracking ads.


Circumvent surveillance.


Find restrictions that are based on your location.




Forward proxies are also used for security systems which are centralised and have permission-based access such as in a workplace. All internet traffic can pass via an open forward proxy. administrators can allow just a few users access to the internet via a common firewall. Instead of establishing security firewalls on the server layer that could include a variety of devices with various configurations and users, a firewall can be placed on top of an front proxy layer.




It is crucial to keep in mind that forward proxy servers must be manually set up to use, however reverse proxy servers will be ignored by users. Depending on whether the IP address of a user is transferred to the server from which it originated by forward proxy privacy and anonymity could be granted, or left unnoticed.




There are a myriad of options to consider for forward proxy options:




Apache The Apache is a popular open-source web server that provides forward proxy functions.


Nginx is a different well-known open-source web server that has forward proxy features.


Squid is an open-source forward proxy which utilizes an HTTP protocol. It doesn't come with an complete Web server software. You can check out our tutorial on installing Squid proxy to connect privately for private connections on Ubuntu 20.04.


Dante Forward Proxy that utilizes the SOCKS protocol instead of HTTP which makes it more suited for cases like peer-to-peer traffic. It's also worth taking a look examine how you can setup a Dante proxy for private connections in Ubuntu 20.04



Understanding Reverse Proxies



Reverse proxy is the web server, which takes care of requests from clients instead. The web server can serve as a single server or as a set of servers. In addition, it could be used like an app server such as Gunicorn. In any of these scenarios, the request is made by an internet-connected user. The request is typically directed directly to the server that has the resources that the user is requesting. In contrast, a reverse proxy functions as an intermediary and shields it from any direct contact with the internet's open.




From the viewpoint of the user, working using reverse proxy isn't distinct from communicating with your webserver directly. It's functionally the same and the user is unable to tell the distinction. The client sends a request for a resource and then receiving it with no additional configuration needed by the user.




Reverse proxies offer features like:




Security centralized for web servers.


Sending traffic to be directed according to the rules you decide to define.


Additional functionality for caching.




While central security is a benefit of both forward and reverse proxy servers. Reverse proxies offer this benefit to those who use the server layer but not the client layer. Instead of maintaining firewalls in the web server layer, which can contain multiple servers with various configurations, most of firewall security may be centered at the reverse proxy layer. In addition eliminating the hassle of dealing with a firewall and interacting with requests from clients away from web servers lets them concentrate on serving resources.




If there are multiple servers that are running behind a reverse proxy, the reverse proxy takes care of how requests are routed to the server. There could be multiple web servers offering the same service, each providing different types of resources or a mix of the two. They can utilize the HTTP protocol to function as a standard web server, but they might also include applications server protocols like FastCGI. You can set up reverse proxy servers to direct users to specific servers based upon the requested resource or to observe certain guidelines regarding traffic volume.




Reverse proxies also can profit from their placement on top of web servers by offering the ability to cache data. Massive static resources can be created by using caching rules to stop the web server from being hit with every request, with some solutions providing the option to upload static files without having to connect to a web server even once. In addition, the reverse proxy can handle compression of these files.




The popular Nginx web server is a very popular reverse proxy service. While Apache is also a reverse proxy solution however, the Apache web server does have reverse proxy functions as an option that can be added to Apache however Nginx was initially designed and focused on reverse proxy functionality.



Differentiating Forward and Reverse Proxy Use Differentiating Forward Proxy and Reverse Proxy Use



Since "forward" as well as "reverse" come with connotations of directionality and false distinctions between "incoming" as well as "outgoing" traffic These labels are prone to confusion since both kinds of proxy deal with requests and responses. The best method of separating between reverse and forward proxy is to analyze the requirements of the app you're working on.




Reverse proxy is an important aspect when creating a solution for serving websites on the internet. They act as your web server in any interaction with the internet.




A forward proxy is useful when it is used before customers for your personal use or in a working environment. They act as your client's proxy for any interaction on the internet.




Differentiating by use case rather than focusing solely on the common names can make it easier to avoid confusion.



Conclusion



The article explained the meaning of a proxy, with the two primary types being the reverse proxy and forward proxy. Practical scenarios for use and a review of the most useful features were utilized to differentiate between forward proxies and reverse proxy. If you're looking to know more about the possibilities of proxies then you can check out our guide on how to configure Nginx as an reverse proxy and an internet server using Apache using the Ubuntu 20.04 server.



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