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It is a proxy commonly referred to as proxy server. It is a software that sits as an intermediary between the client and server over the internet. Without the use of proxy, a user will send a request for resource directly to the server and it would then serve the requested resource directly to the user. This is not difficult to comprehend and implement. addition of proxies can bring advantages like improved performance, privacy, security, and more. As a further layer of security, proxies serve as a security barrier on the internet between servers and clients.




The general collection of server hardware along with the software used to install proxy is commonly referred to by the name proxy servers. This article will focus on proxies commonly referred to as software and in relation to web servers. The article will provide an explanation of the two kinds of proxies. They are forward and reverse. forward proxy and reverse proxy. reverse proxy. Each has its own use scenario, which is often misunderstood due to the overlapping name convention.




This article will provide you with an understanding of types of proxies, their subtypes are, as well as how they work in the typical setups. In this article, you'll learn how to recognize the situations in which the use of proxies is beneficial and how to choose the correct solution in between reverse and forward proxy, in each circumstance.



Understanding Forward Proxies



In the same way forward proxy also called an open proxy acts as the representative of a client who wants to send requests via on the web to an origin server. In this scenario the client's requests sent by the client are instead transferred to the forward proxy. In this situation the forward proxy acting in the place that of the user will look into the request. First, it must determine whether the client is authorized to accept requests from this particular forward proxy. It will then either deny the request or forward it to its origin server. The client doesn't have a an internet connection directly but it is able to connect to what the forward proxy permits it access to.




The primary reason for people to use forward proxies is to gain greater privacy or security on the internet. Forward proxy makes use of the internet in place of a client, and could use an alternative IP address to the client's original IP address.




Depending on how it's setup, and how it is configured forward proxy could provide various features as well as the capability to:




Do not be a victim of ad tracking.


Circumvent surveillance.


Find restrictions based on your geographical area.




Forward proxies can also be used in systems that provide centralized security and access based on user permissions, for example, in the workplace. If all internet traffic flows via an open forward proxy administrators could allow access only to a few users to the internet filtered by an ordinary firewall. Instead of putting firewalls for the client layer that could contain multiple devices with different settings, users, and environments, a firewall can be set up at the forward proxy layer.




It is important to note that forward proxy servers need to be manually set up for use before they can be used, while reverse proxy servers can be disregarded by clients. Based on the fact that an IP address from the client is transferred to the server of origin through the forward proxy privacy and anonymity can get granted, or even made more transparent.




There are a myriad of options to explore options for forward proxy options




Apache: A popular open-source web server that offers forward proxy capabilities.


Nginx: Another well-known open source webserver that includes forward proxy capabilities.


Squid: A no-cost forward proxy that uses the HTTP protocol. This doesn't offer the entire web server. You can check out our article on the best method to set up Squid proxy to permit private connections on Ubuntu 20.04.


Dante Forward proxy that makes use of the SOCKS protocol instead of HTTP, making it better suited for scenarios such as peer-to-peer traffic. You might also want to look into how to configure the Dante proxy for private connections using Ubuntu 20.04



Understanding Reverse Proxies



A reverse proxy acts to act as an agent of web servers, which handles incoming requests from customers on behalf. Web servers can consist of a single server or multiple servers. It could also be used in the role of an application server, like Gunicorn. In any case, the request may be made by a client via the web in general. The majority of the time, this request will be sent directly to the website server that has the resources that the customer needs. In contrast, a reverse proxy works as an intermediary in order to protect your website server from any interactions with the internet's open.




From the perspective of a user, the experience of interacting with reverse proxy is not different from communicating directly with your webserver. It's basically identical, and the user cannot tell the distinction. Client requests resources and is then able to receive it without any additional configuration by the client.




Reverse proxy services offer functions like:




Centralized security for web servers.


Sending traffic to be directed according to rules you can make.


New functionality added for caching.




While central security is an advantage of both reverse and forward proxy systems, reverse proxy offers this service to only the server layer, and not to the layer that clients use. In lieu of maintaining firewalls at servers on the internet, which could contain multiple servers with various configurations, the bulk of firewall security may be centered to the reverse proxy layer. Furthermore, removing the responsibility of interacting with firewalls and interacting with client requests far from web servers allows them to focus solely on addressing the needs of their clients.




If there are multiple servers running connected to a reverse proxy the reverse proxy is also accountable to control which requests are placed on which server. There could be multiple web servers providing the exact identical service, with various kinds of resources, or a mixture of both. They may use the HTTP protocol like a traditional web server, however they could also be equipped with protocols for application servers such as FastCGI. A reverse proxy is used to connect clients to particular servers based on the kind of resource they're seeking, or to adhere to specific rules for traffic load.




Reverse proxies can also benefit from their placement in front of web servers, by providing the capability to store information. The large static file can also be configured with caching policies to avoid the web server from being hit with every request. Certain solutions allow you to deliver static content directly without ever touching the server. In addition reverse proxy is capable of the compression of these assets.




The popular Nginx webserver is an effective reverse proxy solution. While it's real that Apache web server comes with an reverse proxy however it's an additional feature of Apache but Nginx was originally designed to and is focused specifically on the reverse proxy feature.



Distinguishing Forward Proxy From Proxy Use. and Reverse Proxy Utilization



Because "forward" along with "reverse" have connotations of directionality, and can lead to misleading comparisons with "incoming" and "outgoing" traffic These labels are confusing because both types of proxies can handle both requests and responses. The best way to distinguish between reverse and forward proxy is to study the requirements of the app that you're developing.




Reverse proxy is an important feature when designing a solution that allows web-based applications on the internet. They act as your servers when you interact using the internet.




A forward proxy is beneficial when it is placed in front of people for personal use, or even in a commercial environment. They represent your clients when you are on the internet.




Utilizing case-based distinction instead of focusing only on naming conventions that are similar can prevent confusion.



Conclusion



The article explained what a proxy is and the two kinds of them being the forward and reverse proxy. Application scenarios that can be used in practical situations as well as an examination of features that are useful were used to differentiate between reverse and forward proxies. If you're looking to know more about the advantages of proxies, you should read our guide on how to configure Nginx as an internet server and reverse proxy to Apache in an Ubuntu 20.04 server.



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