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How to Replace Window Panes

A damaged or cracked window can be a source of frustration. This could be an opportunity to upgrade to energy-efficient windows or insulated ones and glass Replacement windows enjoy benefits such as improved comfort, increased resale values and reduced utility bills.

It's a task you can take on yourself for a fraction of the cost of hiring an expert. It requires the right tools and an hour or two of your time.

Glass

Replace your old single-paned windows with tempered or insulation glass to improve energy efficiency, reduce noise, and preserve the historic integrity of your older home. The majority of homeowners with basic hand tools can replace a window pane. In addition to a new pane, the following tools are required for the replacement process: latex glazing putty Glazier's points; pliers and the use of a heat gun to warm the old putty, if necessary. Before beginning, wear gloves and safety glasses as working with broken glass could cause injuries.

Take away any broken glass pieces remaining. It is recommended to use pliers however, a flathead may work as well. Use a wood chisel, or putty knives to remove any old putty remaining around the frame and window sash. Be careful not to scratch the window sash. Take your time and work slowly. It is a good idea to work on a sturdy ladder rather than on the ground and have someone stand below the sash in order to help hold it in place.

After you have removed all of the old putty, it is time to prepare the window frame for the new pane. Take measurements of the width and height of the opening for the sash by subtracting 1/8 inch from each measurement (to allow for seasonal expansion and contraction). These measurements can be taken to a home center or hardware store to get a piece cut of stock glass to the right size. You can also cut the glass yourself if have the right tools.

After putting the new pane in place after installing the new pane, put a tiny amount of caulking around the edge to make it weatherproof. Install a glazier's point on both sides of the frame. This will help secure the pane. The points should not be so tight that they create friction between the frame and sash however they should not be loose.

Before applying the putty to the surface, you must knead it thoroughly until it is soft and free of lumps. Then make it into pencil-sized strips. Apply the first strip to the corner of the frame. Work from one corner to the next, making sure it is even and smooth.

Glazier's Points

The glazier's points are tiny triangular pieces of steel which help to secure the glass into the window frame without causing damage to the delicate surface. Knowing how to use these tiny pieces of help is simple and can save you money on professional installation or the cost of purchasing new glass.

After removing the old putty, glazier points, and any other remnants Clean the frame thoroughly using a utility knife. If needed it is necessary to lightly sand the wood in the rabbet grooves to smooth out rough spots. If you sand wood, cover it with painter's tape to protect it from damage caused by accidental sanding.

Take the dimensions of the frame and record precise measurements. Bring these measurements to an hardware store or home center, and have the new pane cut slightly smaller than the frame's opening. This will ensure a secure fit, and allow for expansion and contraction.

Place the new pane into the frame and press it down with your hands. Then, you can use the point of your chisel or back of the putty knife to pierce the glazier's points, as illustrated in Figure 11. The glazier's points should be flush against the top edge of your pane and the shoulders raised should be just below the lip.

Apply a thin layer of glazing compound over the edges of the new glass and in the rabbet grooves, to seal and protect them. Let it dry completely and cure.

Once the glazing compound has dried, you're ready to install the new window sash. The first step is to coat the wood with a heavy coat of Linseed oil. This will keep the new putty from taking in the moisture and deteriorating and cracking with time. Use a brush to apply this coat, or the tip of the blade. Then use the chisel on the back of the putty tool or the back of the putty handle to gently hammer the new sash or glazier's point into rabbet grooves. Repeat this process every 10 inches around the perimeter of the frame.

Putty

A baseball that is thrown or a rock that is errant or a falling branch can cause a window pane to crack or break. The majority of windows can be repaired easily by putting in a new piece. The glass is held in place with tiny metal clips known as a glazier's point and putty, also called glazing compound. Before installing a replacement pane, first take out the old one and clean up the area with an abrasive and the pull-type paint scraper or the wood chisel. Wear safety glasses and gloves when you work. You'll need a heat gun in the event that the window is glued into the frame.

If you're planning to install your original sash, remove the mold that holds the old pane. Then, sand the sash to ensure it's smooth and ready to be re-caulked. Once the sash is re-installed, apply a new silicone caulk to the glass to ensure it will not leak or change color as time passes.

Take the glazing points out of the rabbets, or the grooves in the sash, where the glass is. If they're difficult to cut out, try placing the hand tool, such as a heat gun over them to soften them up first. When using a heating tool, be careful to avoid damaging the sash's railings and sash.

Once the old glazing points and putty have been removed, make a bed for the new pane. Roll a rope made of glazing compound between your fingers and make it about 1/2 inch thick. Then, push it into the rabbets where the glass will rest. The glass must be positioned against the putty on both sides. If necessary, lightly tap your glass into the rabbet using your thumb.

If the new pane has a crack you can fill it with a solvent-based glass glue or silicone caulk before pressing it into the sash. If not, you'll have to apply putty on the crack to form a tight seal and keep water out. Once the putty is dry clean the oily film off the glass replacement windows and let it dry completely before painting. Paint after the putty has completely dried. It will not create a solid seal and could leak or discolor with time.

Paint

If you've had a broken window pane, then you may be concerned about the expense of replacing it. But the truth is that replacing a single glass pane doesn't have to break the bank If you can do it yourself. Even a double glazing window replacement-paned window can be replaced at a fraction of the cost it would cost for a professional.

First, if you're working on a large-sized window, make sure it is securely attached to the frame. By using the correct tools and techniques you can make this task relatively easy and fast.

When you are ready to begin taking down the old window pane. Take out the metal glazing points attached to it. These are tiny metal triangles that act as "nails", holding the window within the frame. They are submerged beneath a bead or glazing glue that hardens to an unbreakable wedge which holds the wood frame securely in place and conceals the edges.

After you have the old pane removed clean the surrounding frame and wood. Scrape off any paint and sand down the rabbet grooves where the glazing points used to be. Sand them to bare wooden surfaces, allowing you to paint the frames the same shade. After sanding the wood, apply a layer of flax oil. This will help prolong the life of the frame.

The next step is to measure the dimensions of the window opening. You'll need to take vertical and horizontal measurements of the entire opening and also the thickness of the old pane. Subtract 1/8 inch from each measurement to ensure you have the exact size for the new pane. This will also allow for expansion and contraction of the glass during seasons of change. You can take these measurements to a hardware store or home improvement store and have the glass cut for you.

Now, it's time to bed the new window replacement cost pane. To do this, place the pane inside the frame and move it around until a 1/16 inch of putty remains between the edge of the glass and the sash on all four sides. Use a putty knife to smear the putty evenly, making sure that there isn't an excessive amount of excess putty in the corners and along the edges. When the putty dries, it can be painted with the same color as the frame to prevent water and air from leaking into the frame and causing fogging.